The Ministry was established in 2005 as Ministry of Energy, Mining and Industry. However, as part of restructuring of the ministries during CPA period, the ministry was restructured in 2008 and became Ministry of Energy and Mining (MoEM). After independence, the ministry was restructured again and became Ministry of Petroleum and Mining (MP&M). After the signing of the Agreement on the Resolution of Conflict in South Sudan,2015 and the formation of Transitional Government of National Unity,2016. The ministry was restructured again and became Ministry of Mining (MOM), and is one of the ministries under the Economic cluster.